Background

Maxillary molars and the maxillary sinus share close anatomical relationship, which is significant in various dental procedures including tooth extractions, sinus lift surgeries and implant placement. Variations in this relationship can impact clinical outcomes and the risk of complications. Cone Beam Computed Tomography has become a valuable imaging tool for evaluating these structures with high precision.

Objective: The primary aim of this study was to evaluate proximity between maxillary molars and maxillary sinus using CBCT imaging, with a focus on the closeness of roots of the maxillary molars to the sinus floor and its clinical implications

Method:

A retrospective study was conducted with 200 patients (104 males, 96 females) who underwent CBCT scans. The proximity between apex of maxillary molars and the MSF was assessed based on the distance of the root apex to the MSF, the cortical and mucosal thicknesses of the MSF, and the classification of the relationship into five types (Type I to V). Statistical analysis was conducted utilizing SPSS version 22.0.

Results:The shortest distance between root apex andiMSF was 1.56 ± 3.32 mm for the MB root of the left second molar, and 1.61i±i3.37 mm for the right second molar. Cortical bone thickness ranged from 0.44 ± 0.27 mm at the MB root of the right second molar to 0.53 ± 0.45 mm at the palatal root apex of the left first molar. Mucosal thickness rangedifrom 1.51 ± 0.83 mm at the DB root of the right second molar to 1.97 ± 1.04 mm at the distobuccal root apex of the left first molar. Type I relationships were most prevalent (52.5–62.0%), while Type IV and Type V relationships were less common (1.5–6.0%). No significant differences were found based on gender or anatomical location. MB- Mesiobuccal DB- Distobuccal

Conclusion:

This study investigated the anatomical relationship between the maxillary molar roots and the MSF. Comprehending the distance between root apices and the MSF, together with the thickness of adjacent tissues, is essential for averting difficulties during dental treatments

KEYWORDS: Maxillary sinus, maxillary molars, maxillary sinus floor, CBCT, oroantral fistulas, sinus

pneumatization, dental surgery