Background: Infection is a significant health hazard to Healthcare Workers (HCW) globally. It exposes healthcare workers to around 20 types of blood-borne pathogen infections, particularly the most serious, including Hepatitis B Virus (HBV), Hepatitis C Virus (HCV), and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). The influence of infection on healthcare workers’ health, clinical responsibilities, national economic strain, and humanistic implications underscores the necessity for additional research and discourse on this subject.

Aims: This paper aimed to discuss literature on infection control knowledge and attitudes among HCWs and potential factors contributing to infection control.

Method: For this narrative review Proquest, Medline, and Up To Date have been utilized to search articles about infection control knowledge and attitudes among healthcare workers and potential factors contributing to infection control. The search was narrowed to article between 2000 and 2023. A total of 380 articles were initially identified to be potentially relevant for the review. A total of 28 articles were included, and they were found to match the inclusion criteria.

Results: Results from the reviewed studies showed that there was a high-level knowledge in terms of precautionary measures and compliance with needle safety precautions while staff attitude achieved above average. Weak positive correlation was found between staff attitude and precautionary measures, while moderate positive correlation was found between precautionary measures and compliance with needle safety precautions. Only precautionary measures were found to significantly influence compliance with needle safety precautions, in which higher precautionary measures, resulted in higher compliance with needle safety precautions.

KEYWORDS: Infection, knowledge and awareness, healthcare workers, sharps injuries